[59] However, Mark Witton expressed agreement with the proportions reported in the paper. Furthermore, if the sail was turned away from the sun, or positioned at a 90 degree angle towards a cooling wind, the animal would quite effectively cool itself in the warm climate of Cretaceous Africa. Gimsa and colleagues specifically wrote : Spinosaurus anatomy exhibits another feature that may have a modern analogy: its long tail resembled that of the thresher shark, employed to slap the water to herd and stun shoals of fish before devouring them (Oliver and colleagues, 2013). £18.99. Link to Spinosaurus teeth. have suggested that the spines were covered in fat and formed a hump. "Dinosauriens." SEE MORE SPINOSAURUS DINOSAUR FOSSILS This is a GENUINE fossil Spinosaurus dinosaur tooth. These are real, fossil Spinosaurus teeth from the Late Cretaceous Kem Kem beds of Southern Morocco. However, it has been demonstrated by multiple paleontologists that the specimen is not a chimaera, and is indeed a specimen of Spinosaurus that suggests that the animal had much smaller hind limbs than previously thought.[23][24][25]. At their ends were shallow claws that had flat bottoms. [42] Bailey proposed instead that Spinosaurus and other dinosaurs with long neural spines had fatty humps on their backs for energy storage, insulation, and shielding from heat. They erected both the subfamily and the family Baryonychinae for the newly discovered Baryonyx, before it was referred to the Spinosauridae. [38][39], The skull had a narrow snout filled with straight conical teeth that lacked serrations. [54] Starting in the mid-1970s, it was hypothesised Spinosaurus was at least an occasional quadruped,[36][45] bolstered by the discovery of Baryonyx, a relative with robust arms. [21], FSAC-KK 11888 is a partial subadult skeleton recovered from the Kem Kem beds of North Africa. Das Original des Theropoden, "A long-snouted predatory dinosaur from Africa and the evolution of spinosaurids", "Record of Abelisauridae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Cenomanian of Morocco", 10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0236:ROADTF]2.0.CO;2, "New data on spinosaurid dinosaurs from the Early Cretaceous of the Sahara", "A reappraisal of the morphology and systematic position of the theropod dinosaur, "Theropoda: Spinosaurus Revolution, Episodio IV: Una soluzione a tutti gli enigmi? This tooth is from a really big Spinosaurus. [70] In the fourth film Jurassic World, there is a nod to this fight where the T. rex smashes through the skeleton of a Spinosaurus in the climactic fight near the end of the film. Reconstructed skeleton in swimming posture, A 1986 paper described prismatic structures in, Buffetaut (1989, 1992) referred three specimens from the Institut und Museum für Geologie und Paläontologie of the, Kellner and Mader (1997) described two unserrated spinosaurid teeth from Morocco (LINHM 001 and 002) that were "highly similar" to the teeth of the, Teeth from the Chenini Formation in Tunisia which are "narrow, somewhat rounded in cross-section, and lack the anterior and posterior serrated edges characteristic of theropods and basal, A partial tooth 8 centimeters (3.1 in) long purchased at a fossil trade show, reportedly from the Kem Kem Bed of Morocco and attributed to, A Tribute to Ernst Stromer: Hundred Years of the Discovery of, This page was last edited on 27 January 2021, at 13:51. Box is approx 11 x 14 cm (4.25" x 5.375"). Baryonyx was found with fish scales and bones from juvenile Iguanodon in its stomach, while a tooth embedded in a South American pterosaur bone suggests that spinosaurs occasionally preyed on pterosaurs,[48] but Spinosaurus was likely to have been a generalized and opportunistic predator, possibly a Cretaceous equivalent of large grizzly bears, being biased toward fishing, though it undoubtedly scavenged and took many kinds of small or medium-sized prey. Spinosaurus dinosaur tooth LARGE SIZE - CHUNKY fossil cast replica LOOKS REAL. This Dinosaur had a long crocodile like snout and hunted fish. An excellent quality, collector's BIG Spinosaurus tooth! Please Note: card designs will vary as we change them from time to time. Additionally, the study further indicates synonymy between Spinosaurus and Sigilmassasaurus. [52][8], Recent studies of the tail vertebrae of Spinosaurus refute Henderson's proposal that Spinosaurus mainly inhabited areas of land near and in shallow water and was too buoyant to submerge. The lengths of the neural spines reached over 10 times the diameters of the centra (vertebral bodies) from which they extended. The distinctive neural spines of Spinosaurus, which were long extensions of the vertebrae (or backbones), grew to at least 1.65 meters (5.4 ft) long and were likely to have had skin connecting them, forming a sail-like structure, although some authors[who?] [11] It is the holotype of Spinosaurus maroccanus as described by Russell in 1996. This type of foot morphology is also seen in shorebirds, indicating that Spinosaurus's feet evolved for walking across unstable substrate and that they may have been webbed. In the film, Spinosaurus was portrayed as larger and more powerful than Tyrannosaurus: in a scene depicting a battle between the two resurrected predators, Spinosaurus emerges victorious by snapping the Tyrannosaurus' neck. A small information card is also included. aegyptiacus. Topping out at just over 18m long (59ft), Spinosaurus is one of the largest carnivorous dinosaurs ever discovered. Click & Collect. The spinosaurus had a long skull with a narrow snout, somewhat like a crocodile. Authenticity guaranteed. reported the results of X-ray computed tomography of the MSNM V4047 snout. It is believed that Spinosaurus, presumably a cold-blooded creature, was one of the largest known carnivorous dinosaurs, probably larger than Giganotosaurus or Tyrannosaurus rex. One crack. FAST & FREE. These include: MHNM.KK374 to.KK378 are five isolated quadrates (skull bones) of different sizes which were collected by locals and acquired commercially in [11] Specifically, Russell claimed that the ratio of the length of the centrum (body of vertebra) to the height of the posterior articular facet was 1.1 in S. aegyptiacus and 1.5 in S. Size: This Spinosaurus toy figure is 9 inches long and 3 inches high to the top of its sail. [6][21] The Spinosaurinae share unserrated straight teeth that are widely spaced (e.g., 12 on one side of the maxilla), as opposed to the Baryonychinae which have serrated curved teeth that are numerous (e.g., 30 on one side of the maxilla). When herding a shoal of fish or squid, sailfish also raise their sails to make themselves appear larger. The hind limbs were short, at just over 25 percent of the total body length, with the tibia (calf bone) being longer than the femur (thigh bone). This specimen comes from the Kem Kem Beds in Morocco. [55] Because of the mass of the hypothesized fatty dorsal humps of Spinosaurus, Bailey (1997) was open to the possibility of a quadrupedal posture,[42] leading to new restorations of it as such. [32][40] The Dal Sasso and colleagues skull length estimate is questioned because skull shapes can vary across spinosaurid species and because MSNM V4047 may not belong to Spinosaurus itself. The best BIG tooth that I have seen! Perhaps they were the same species after all, but that's just due to size and no other features. Home / Fossils for Sale / Dinosaurs / Teeth and Claws / Spinosaurus Tooth. Forming a hydrodynamic fulcrum and hydrodynamically stabilizing the trunk along the dorsoventral axis, Spinosaurus’ sail would also have compensated for the inertia of the lateral neck by tail movements and vice versa not only for predation but also for accelerated swimming. Some authors note that the length of the vertebrae can vary from individual to individual, that the holotype specimen was destroyed and thus cannot be compared directly with the S. maroccanus specimen, and that it is unknown which cervical vertebrae the S. maroccanus specimens represent. Spinosaurus teeth are a great value for The hypothesis of spinosaurs as specialized fish eaters has been suggested before by A. J. Charig and A. C. Milner for Baryonyx. It is also possible that the structure was used to radiate excess heat from the body, rather than to collect it. "[65] Those Spinosaurus that lived in the Bahariya Formation of what is now Egypt may have contended with shoreline conditions on tidal flats and channels, living in mangrove forests alongside similarly large dinosaurian predators Bahariasaurus and Carcharodontosaurus, the titanosaur sauropods Paralititan and Aegyptosaurus, crocodylomorphs, bony and cartilaginous fish, turtles, lizards, and plesiosaurs. [7][21][41], Very tall neural spines growing on the back vertebrae of Spinosaurus formed the basis of what is usually called the animal's "sail". For convenience we've grouped teeth into similar sizes by length and "visual weight" in order to assign then to categories: The Spinosaurus is part of our Wild Safari Prehistoric World collection. Spinosaurus Life Size Tooth Set Replica FREE SHIPPING SPINOSAURUS AEGYPTIACUS This set of 3 life sized teeth from our 1.8m long Spinosaurus skull are authentic reconstructions, from … […] Direct evidence for spinosaur diet comes from related European and South American taxa. Thanks for contacting us! [11] Other specimens referred to S. maroccanus in the same paper were two other mid-cervical vertebrae (NMC 41768 and NMC 50790), an anterior dentary fragment (NMC 50832), a mid-dentary fragment (NMC 50833), and an anterior dorsal neural arch (NMC 50813). [8], An ungual phalanx measuring 21 millimeters (0.83 in) belonging to a very young juvenile Spinosaurus indicates that the theropod developed its semiaquatic adaptations at a very young age or at birth and maintained them throughout its life. [42] In support of his "buffalo-back" hypothesis, Bailey argued that in Spinosaurus, Ouranosaurus, and other dinosaurs with long neural spines, the spines were relatively shorter and thicker than the spines of pelycosaurs (which were known to have sails); instead, the dinosaurs' neural spines were similar to the neural spines of extinct hump-backed mammals such as Megacerops and Bison latifrons. Another possible junior synonym is Oxalaia from the Alcântara Formation in Brazil. Current figures say they weigh around 7000kg-20900kg (7 to 20.9 tons) and could grow 12.6 to 18 metres (41 to 59 feet) long. SPINOSAURUS Dinosaur Tooth - 5 in. This is a Spinosaurus tooth fossil. [57] The hypothesis that Spinosaurus had a typical quadrupedal gait since fell out of favor, however it was still believed that spinosaurids may have crouched in a quadrupedal posture, due to biological and physiological constraints. The paper found that the hind limbs of Spinosaurus were much shorter than previously believed, and that its center of mass was located in the midpoint of the trunk region, as opposed to near the hip as in typical bipedal theropods. [5][21], As a spinosaurid, Spinosaurus would have had a long, muscular neck, curved in a sigmoid, or S-shape. The authors postulated that Spinosaurus switched between terrestrial and aquatic habitats to compete for food with large crocodilians and other large theropods respectively. Large Spinosaurus Tooth 3.29 inches (8.3 cm) - Cretaceous Morocco (KemKem Basin) £42.00. [10][11], The first described remains of Spinosaurus were found and described in the early 20th century. Multiple functions have been put forward for the dorsal sail, including thermoregulation and display; either to intimidate rivals or attract mates. [7][8][9] The latest estimates suggest a weight of 6.4 to 7.5 metric tons (7.1 to 8.3 short tons). Spinosaurus's hip bones were reduced, and the legs were very short in proportion to the body. We also recommend placing the bubble wrap under the soft, white lining of the case. [11] Later authors have been split on this topic. The Biggest Carnivore: Dinosaur History Rewritten. Lapparent, A.F. No tip wear - very unique for a big tooth. Free shipping on many items | Browse your favorite brands | affordable prices. No repair or restoration. As you might expect, Spinosaurus teeth vary in size, width, and color. An exceptional collector's BIG Spinosaurus tooth! Large animals, due to the relatively small ratio of surface area of their body compared to the overall volume (Haldane's principle), face far greater problems of dissipating excess heat at higher temperatures than gaining it at lower. The elongated neural spines and chevrons, which run to the end of the tail on both dorsal and ventral sides, indicate that Spinosaurus was able to swim in a similar manner to modern crocodilians. [2][3] This genus was known first from Egyptian remains discovered in 1912 and described by German paleontologist Ernst Stromer in 1915. [12][10] The material consisted of the following items, most of which were incomplete: right and left dentaries and splenials from the lower jaw measuring 75 centimeters (30 in) long; a straight piece of the left maxilla that was described but not drawn; 20 teeth; 2 cervical vertebrae; 7 dorsal (trunk) vertebrae; 3 sacral vertebrae; 1 caudal vertebra; 4 thoracic ribs; and gastralia. Style of the image used on the front of the card may also vary. All of Spinosaurus’s iconic features are here, including its dorsal sail, its narrow, tooth-filled jaws, and its enlarged hand claws. [42], Many elaborate body structures of modern-day animals serve to attract members of the opposite sex during mating. While smaller dorsal sails or fins make the dorsal water volume better accessible for slashing, it can be speculated that their smaller stabilization effect makes lateral slashing less efficient (e.g. Spinosaurus was among the largest of all known carnivorous dinosaurs, nearly as large as or even larger than other theropods such as Tyrannosaurus, Giganotosaurus and Carcharodontosaurus. "[69] He has since retracted the statement about T. rex being a scavenger. This behaviour might also have been one reason for Spinosaurus’ muscular chest and neck reported by Ibrahim and colleagues (2014). [22] This conclusion was further supported in 2018 by Arden and colleagues, who consider Sigilmassasaurus to be a distinct genus, though a very close relative of Spinosaurus, the two unified in the tribe Spinosaurini, coined in the study. The strategies that sailfish and thresher sharks employ against shoaling fish are more effective when the shoal is first concentrated into a ‘bait ball’ (Helfman, Collette & Facey, 1997; Oliver and colleagues, 2013; Domenici and colleagues, 2014). In addition, such a prominent feature on its back could make it appear even larger than it was, intimidating other animals. [5] The lower estimates for Spinosaurus would imply that the animal was shorter and lighter than Carcharodontosaurus and Giganotosaurus. Sailfish employ their dorsal fins for herding schools of fish into a "bait ball" where they cooperate to trap the fish into a certain area where the sailfish can snatch the fish with their bills. They therefore argue that Spinosaurus used its dorsal neural sail in the same manner as sailfish, and that it also employed its long narrow tail to stun prey like a modern thresher shark. for thresher sharks). M1230 BoP Size: 5-5/16" (1-7/8" W x 1-1/4" H) Note - 10 new Spinosaurus teeth added in June 2020. [32], Material possibly belonging to Spinosaurus has been reported from the Turkana Grits of Kenya. Its distinctive back-sail was used to control its temperature or for display. Real Fossil Spinosaurus Tooth from a Spinosaur, a giant predator with narrow round teeth. [10] However, detailed drawings and descriptions of the specimen remain. [5], François Therrien and Donald Henderson, in a 2007 paper using scaling based on skull length, challenged previous estimates of the size of Spinosaurus, finding the length too great and the weight too small. All teeth include a small information card that also serves as the certificate of authenticity. Other known specimens consist mainly of very fragmentary remains and scattered teeth. [10] On the basis of a photograph of the lower jaw and a photograph of the entire specimen as mounted, Smith concluded that Stromer's original 1915 drawings were slightly inaccurate. [7], From the caudal vertebrae of the tail projected significantly elongated, thin neural spines, akin to the condition observed in some other spinosaurids,[21] though to a more extreme degree. The teeth are mostly in the 1 1/2 to 2 1/2" size range though can be slightly higher or lower. Isotope ratios from tooth enamel and from other parts of Spinosaurus (found in Morocco and Tunisia) and of other predators from the same area such as Carcharodontosaurus were compared with isotopic compositions from contemporaneous theropods, turtles, and crocodilians. MONSTER SIZE - REAL FOSSIL - NOT FAKE!! Spinosaurus teeth The most popular of the Dinosaur teeth has to be the large Sail back dinosaur called Spinosaurus sp. [36] In 1988, Gregory Paul also listed it as the longest theropod at 15 meters (49 ft), but gave a lower mass estimate of 4 metric tons (4.4 short tons). Genuine Fossil Spinosaurus Tooth. ", "When Dinosaurs Ruled The Mind #8: Dinosaurs Over The Years: Spinosaurus", "Bird-like anatomy, posture, and behavior revealed by an Early Jurassic theropod dinosaur resting trace", "There's something fishy about Spinosaurus", "The Spinosaurus hindlimb controversy: a detailed response from the authors", "The smallest biggest theropod dinosaur: a tiny pedal ungual of a juvenile Spinosaurus from the Cretaceous of Morocco", "A new species of Protopterus and a revision of Ceratodus humei (Dipnoi: Ceratodontiformes) from the Late Cretaceous Mut Formation of eastern Dakhleh Oasis, Western Desert of Egypt", "Lungfish Bluff, Wadi el-Battikh (Cretaceous of Egypt)", "Jurassic World Snuck in A Sweet Nod to Jurassic Park 3", "A Strange Dinosaur May Have Swum the Rivers of Africa". [66] In the dry season it might have resorted to preying on pterosaurs. During the Cretaceous Period, this region was part of a vast river system. Spinosaurus (meaning "spine lizard") is a genus of spinosaurid dinosaur that lived in what now is North Africa during the Cenomanian to upper Turonian stages of the Late Cretaceous period, about 99 to 93.5 million years ago. I'll keep MSNM as spinosauridae indet. If the structure contained abundant blood vessels, the animal could have used the sail's large surface area to absorb heat. One of the biggest predators to have ever existed! Unlike in other theropods, the hallux (or fourth toe) of Spinosaurus touched the ground, and the phalanges of the toe bones were unusually long and well-built. Two species of Spinosaurus have been named: Spinosaurus aegyptiacus (meaning "Egyptian spine lizard") and the disputed Spinosaurus maroccanus (meaning "Moroccan spine lizard"). [42], The structure may have been used for thermoregulation. It is possible that the sail of Spinosaurus was used for courtship, in a way similar to a peacock's tail. The region of Africa Spinosaurus is preserved in dates from 112 to 93.5 million years ago,[62][10][4] although a potential specimen has been found in Campanian deposits. This is what makes these teeth so affordable. Spinosaurus vs T. Rex Size Comparison Large Spinosaurus Tooth. Gimsa and colleagues (2015) suggest that the dorsal sail of Spinosaurus was analogous to the dorsal fins of sailfish and served a hydrodynamic purpose. [5] The Therrien and Henderson study has been criticized for the choice of theropods used for comparison (e.g., most of the theropods used to set the initial equations were tyrannosaurids and carnosaurs, which have a different build than spinosaurids), and for the assumption that the Spinosaurus skull could be as little as 1.5 meters (4.9 ft) in length. ", "Theropoda: Spinosaurus Revolution, Episodio V: Sigilmassasaurus vs Spinosaurus: una battaglia tafonomica", "The Theropod Database Blog: Spinosaurus surprise", 10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[902:ANSOCD]2.0.CO;2, "Morphofunctional Analysis of the Quadrate of Spinosauridae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) and the Presence of Spinosaurus and a Second Spinosaurine Taxon in the Cenomanian of North Africa", "Comments on Therrien and Henderson's new paper", "Re: Comments on Therrien and Henderson's new paper", "A Century of Spinosaurs – A Review and Revision of the Spinosauridae with Comments on Their Ecology", "Tail-propelled aquatic locomotion in a theropod dinosaur", "Spinosaur taxonomy and evolution of craniodental features: Evidence from Brazil", "A neurovascular cavity within the snout of the predatory dinosaur, "Feeding Mechanics in Spinosaurid Theropods and Extant Crocodilians", "New Research Refutes Claims That Spinosaurus Was Semi-Aquatic", "Evaluating the ecology of Spinosaurus: Shoreline generalist or aquatic pursuit specialist? Evidence suggests that it was highly semiaquatic, and lived both on land and in water as modern crocodilians do. Our Spinosaurus teeth for sale come from the Kem-Kem area of Morocco and are about 90 to 110 million years old. [10] In 2003, Oliver Rauhut suggested that Stromer's Spinosaurus holotype was a chimera, composed of vertebrae and neural spines from a carcharodontosaurid similar to Acrocanthosaurus and a dentary from Baryonyx or Suchomimus. And the subfamily Baryonychinae was named by Charig & Milner in 1986. This extra padding will keep the tooth snug in the case after the lid is secured. Stromer speculated that the size of the neural spines may have differed between males and females.[12]. [3] As such, and being far after the Isla Nublar Incident, it was not a dinosaur on InGen's List[2] and was not planned … Spinosaurus's leg bones had osteosclerosis (high bone density), allowing for better buoyancy control, and the paddle-like tail was likely used for underwater propulsion. [11] Russell stated that "only general locality information could be provided" for the specimen, and therefore it could be dated only "possibly" to the Albian. The Top 8 Paleontology Stories of 2006: 40 New Dinosaur King Rears Its Head. Spinosaurus is known to have eaten fish, and most scientists believe that it hunted both terrestrial and aquatic prey. "Was This Dinosaur More Subaquatic Killer or Giant Wading Bird? Its shoulders were prominent, and the forelimbs large and stocky, bearing three clawed digits on each hand. There is still a lot of discussion among scientist about the true size of this huge dinosaur, as lots of estimates have to be made. Tall spines grew out of its back vertebrae. [42] The neural spines were slightly longer front to back at the base than higher up, and were unlike the thin rods seen in the pelycosaur finbacks Edaphosaurus and Dimetrodon, contrasting also with the thicker spines in the iguanodontian Ouranosaurus. [13] Stromer considered them different enough to belong to another species, and this has been borne out. [63][64] A 1996 study concluded from Moroccan fossils that Spinosaurus, Carcharodontosaurus, and Deltadromeus "ranged across north Africa during the late Cretaceous (Cenomanian). The possibility also remains that Spinosaurus may have hunted ‬land animals,‭ ‬although no fossil evidence is known that strongly supports this.‭ ‬In South America a pterosaur bone was found with a spinosaurid tooth stuck into it,‭ ‬and recovery of the related Baryonyx revealed the presence of … The photos are representative of the one (1) fossil tooth you will receive and the packaging that it comes in. We'll get back to you as soon as possible. The teeth are mostly in the 1 1/2 to 2 1/2" size range though can be slightly higher or lower. A extremely wide tooth. [33], Some scientists have considered the genus Sigilmassasaurus a junior synonym of Spinosaurus. [22] It includes cervical vertebrae, dorsal vertebrae, neural spines, a complete sacrum, femora, tibiae, pedal phalanges, caudal vertebra, several dorsal ribs, and fragments of the skull. Spinosaurus was a large carnivorous dinosaur which lived about 100 million years ago! M1234 Size: 3-11/16" Note - Adding 16 new Spinosaurus teeth added in October 2020. de; and Lavocat, R. (1955). Species: Spinosaurus aegyptiacus Age: Mid Cretaceous (112 - 93.5 mya) Location: Morocco Formation: Kem Kem Size: 4 ¾” x 1 ½” x 1” Weight: 4.1 oz Item #A135 This fossilized Spinosaurus tooth has a beau aegyptiacus.[14]. BSP 1912 VIII 19, described by Stromer in 1915 from the Bahariya Formation, was the holotype. On receipt, simply open the top of the case and unwrap the tooth and then arrange the tooth inside the case as pictured here on the site. They also had long, narrow skulls, almost crocodile-like in appearance, and their jaws were lined with conical teeth instead of the curved, blade-like ziphodont teeth of most theropods. Spinosaurus was one of the few dinosaurs cloned in the Embryonics Administration lab,[2] alongside Ankylosaurus, Ceratosaurus, and Corythosaurus. [19] This analysis was rejected in at least one subsequent paper. [51] A 2018 study by Donald Henderson, however, refutes the claim that Spinosaurus was semiaquatic. Spinosaurus had long phalanges (finger bones), and only somewhat recurved claws, suggesting that its hands were longer compared to those of other spinosaurids. MONSTER SIZE - REAL FOSSIL - NOT FAKE!! Six main partial specimens of Spinosaurus have been described. These creatures were one of the largest carnivores to walk the earth, and were at least as large, if not larger, than Tyrannosaurus.In fact, some scientists estimate that these creatures could reach lengths of … "[20] Taquet and Russell believed that this specimen along with a premaxilla fragment (SAM 125), two cervical vertebrae (SAM 126–127), and a dorsal neural arch (SAM 128), belonged to S. THE TOOTH PICTURED IS NOT THE ACTUAL ONE YOU WILL RECEIVE IF YOU PURCHASE THIS ITEM, BUT IS AN EXAMPLE OF THE SIZE AND QUALITY OF … Also my hypothesis is that T-rex was actually a scavenger rather than a killer. The second and third teeth on each side were noticeably larger than the rest of the teeth in the premaxilla, creating a space between them and the large teeth in the front of the maxilla; large teeth in the lower jaw faced this space. This would imply that the animal was only partly warm-blooded at best and lived in climates where nighttime temperatures were cool or low and the sky usually not cloudy. The submerged dorsal sail would have provided a strong centreboard-like counterforce for powerful sidewards movements of the strong neck and long tail, as performed by sailfish (Domenici and colleagues, 2014) or thresher sharks (Oliver and colleagues, 2013). SIZE: 104 x 30 x 25mm (4.09 x 1.18 x 0.98 inches) Only 1 left in stock. [49] A 2013 study by Andrew R. Cuff and Emily J. Rayfield concluded that bio-mechanical data suggests that Spinosaurus was not an obligate piscivore and that its diet was more closely associated with each individual's size. [8][9] The skull of Spinosaurus was long, low and narrow, similar to that of a modern crocodilian, and bore straight conical teeth with no serrations. Its long and narrow tail was deepened by tall, thin neural spines and elongated chevrons, forming a flexible fin or paddle-like structure. Click & Collect. [18], UCPC-2 in the University of Chicago Paleontological Collection consists mainly of two narrow connected nasals with a fluted (ridged) crest from the region between the eyes. The same study also suggests that its limbs were somewhat shorter than previously thought, and appear to be specifically adapted to paddle-swimming like early whales. [22] In 2018, an analysis by Henderson found that Spinosaurus probably was competent at bipedal terrestrial locomotion; the center of mass was instead found to be close to the hips, allowing Spinosaurus to stand upright like other bipedal theropods. [43], Spinosaurus gives its name to the dinosaur family Spinosauridae, which includes two subfamilies: Baryonychinae and Spinosaurinae. The very tip of the snout holding those few large front teeth was expanded, and a small crest was present in front of the eyes. All the fossils on this page were bought in from my supplier in Morocco with added identification attached to them by a local palaeontologist in the area. In Ibrahim and colleagues (2014), the specimens of Sigilmassasaurus was referred to Spinosaurus aegyptiacus together with "Spinosaurus B" as the neotype and Spinosaurus maroccanus was considered as a nomen dubium following the conclusions of the other papers.